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Source

How is Clustered Water™ made?
Although all the manufacturers make general statements about the
origin of their products, detailed public information is only
available in the two patents relating to CellCore.
Bear in mind that the purpose of a patent is solely to confer
certain exclusive rights to an inventor. It must provide enough
detail to establish the uniqueness of the invention and to help
differentiate it from others that might be intended to accomplish
the same end, but it should not be a recipe for its replication. For
this reason, patents are not ordinarily written in a way that is
very informative; the art of creating a document that is
simultaneously detailed and obfuscating is a very specialized and
highly developed craft.
The other thing to remember is that the sole requirement for a
U.S. patent is that an invention be novel. It need not actually
work, and its issuance does not imply that it even can
work.
I am aware of at least three U.S. patents on water products
described as "clustered". The earliest one was issued to Hiroshi
Tachibana in 1993, while the two more recent ones are to Lee
Lorenzen, a self-described "scientist" and founder of
now-thankfully-disappeared CellCore. (There are also a large number
of Japanese patents on various similarly wonky waters, which are
apparently quite popular in that country.)
Interestingly, all three seem to involve the scientifically
dubious idea of exposing water to a magnetic field and irradiating
it with light.
U.S. Patent 5,247,179 assigned to Tachibana describes an
electronic device for simulating the Chinese "Ki"
which is radiated (as "far-infrared", i.e., heat) from the hands of
a special person called a "Kikoshi who has an ability of generating
the above specific electromagnetic wave in nature or by skill."
According to the patent, "the cluster of the
water can be enlarged by the irradiation of the magnetic force to
the water. For example, the cluster as a group of about five
molecules of water is changed into a large cluster as a group of
tens of molecules of water."
Here are some excerpts from Lorenzen's
United States Patent 5,711,950. Those parts of the patent
text which I consider unfounded, misleading, or scientifically
absurd are indicated by highlighting.
from the patent
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"A method for preparing microclustered
water comprising boiling water to produce steam includes
passing the steam across a magnetic field1,
exposing the steam to light having a wavelength of between 610
nm and 1 mm2, condensing the steam at a
temperature greater than 0.degree. C., adding at least one
stabilizer comprising a metasilicate salt to the condensed
steam, adding yeast cells or an antiviral pharmaceutical agent
at a concentration of 1% or less to the condensed steam3,
exposing the condensed steam to a pressure
greater than one atmosphere, and depressurizing the condensed
steam.4 The method is
useful in the preparation of medicaments, catalysts,
agricultural products and other products."5 |
1 Water is diamagnetic and should
not (according to us non-alchemists) be affected in any
significant way by a magnetic field;
2 More jiggery-pokery; water
cannot absorb (or be affected by ) 610-nm (red) light.
3 the "condensed steam" is
presumably nothing more than ordinary distilled water containing
the added impurity.
4 See below.
5 No credible scientific evidence
is adduced to show that the efficacy of these products is
improved by the process described here. |
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"After addition of template and stabilizer,
the mixture is pressurized to a pressure greater than 1
atmosphere. Where the template has medicinal activity,
the resulting microclustered water1
can be administered in therapeutic doses to a living organism,
such as tiny organisms, humans and animals, to treat a
particular abnormal state. For example, where the template is
aloe vera and vitamin E, the treated water can be used to treat
burns. Where the template is an opiate peptide, the treated
water can be administered to treat pain. Individuals having
viral infections can be medicated by water treated with a yeast
culture, such as yeast cells from the Caucasus Mountains of
Soviet Georgia, or an antiviral pharmaceutical agent. Where the
template is chromium ions, treated water can reduce the need for
insulin in a person having adult onset diabetes."2 |
So the idea is that "templates" having
special properties are added to the water, which is then placed
under pressure so as to impress the form of the template onto
the water, and thus supposedly, its medicinal properties, on the
water, which retains it as a kind of memory.
1 Most chemists will maintain that
ordinary thermal motions in the liquid will erase any such
memory in nanoseconds. Any credible evidence to the contrary
would be of immense scientific interest.
2 Yes, the water can be given for
all such purposes, but there is no credible evidence that any of
these benefits can be realized. |
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"Likewise, where the template is coal tar, the
template treated water can be used as a gasoline additive to
reduce hydrocarbon emissions." |
Might as well throw this in for good measure;
is anyone selling "clustered gasoline"? As it happens, the
Aldi Far-ir people claim that all
gasoline is clustered, and they offer a clearly fraudulant
product that purports to un-cluster it to promote more thorough
combustion. |
... and here are some excerpts from Lorenzen's later U.S. patent 6,033,678
from the patent
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"A method for preparing microclustered
water. First, the starting water is boiled to produce steam.
Next, the steam is passed across a magnetic
field, and the steam is condensed at a temperature
greater than 0.degree. C. in the presence of light
in the far infra-red to ultraviolet spectrum range1
to produce condensed steam2."
[The above is quoted from the Abstract; see
the patent itself for more detail.] |
1 The wavelength of the light is
now less restrictive, but not by much: the patent says "the more
preferred spectrum is between 610 nanometers (nm) and 1
millimeter (mm). For many applications the most preferred
wavelength is 640 nm. "
Actually, it doesn't matter what shade of red
light is used; none of it gets absorbed anyway!
2 "Condensed steam" remains a nice
euphemism for "liquid water". |
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At least one metasilicate salt stabilizer and
a dietary supplement template are added to the condensed steam.
The concentration of dietary supplement template is 1% or less.
The condensed steam is exposed to a pressure greater than 1
atmosphere; and then depressurized to produce the
microclustered water.
The concentration of the template to be added
is a function of molecular weight, water solubility, and the
result sought to be obtained. However, generally, the template
will be added in a concentration of 1% or less. |
Metasilicates are solids in which {SiO4}
tetrahedra are condensed into chains or rings built up of SiO32–
anions. Hundreds of metasilicates are known, many of them as
common minerals.
The patent states that the stabilizer
concentration is usually around 3-4 ppm. |
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After addition of template and stabilizer,
the mixture is pressurized to a pressure greater than 1
atmosphere. Where the template has medicinal
activity, the resulting microclustered water can be administered
in therapeutic doses to a living organism, such as tiny
organisms, humans and animals, to treat a particular abnormal
state. For example, where the template is aloe vera and vitamin
E, the treated water can be used to treat burns. Where the
template is an opiate peptide, the treated water can be
administered to treat pain. Individuals having viral infections
can be medicated by water treated with a yeast culture, such as
yeast cells from the Caucasus Mountains of Soviet Georgia or an
antiviral pharmaceutical agent. Where the template is chromium
ions, treated water can reduce the need for insulin in a person
having adult onset diabetes. Other therapeutic template
materials include, but are not limited to, Co-Enzyme Q, vitamin
C, vitamin E, bee propolis and beta carotene. |
The idea that the biological activity of a
substance can be stored in water through an impression created
by a "template" is of course the basis of
homeopathy which,
although widely popular, is still unfounded pseudoscience. |
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The mixture of microclustered water is
usually diluted from 103 to 1020 times.
This dilution is required because generally
the microclustered water obtained is too concentrated to be used
appropriately.1 In some
cases, higher doses may either be harmful or less effective than
lower concentrations of the same templated microclustered water.2
Thus, in order to determine optimal dilution
for therapeutic applications, a magnetic resonance analyzer can
be used.3
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1 The higher dilutions are similar to those used in
homeopathy, and ensure that what you are getting is
essentially pure distilled water.
2 No evidence is presented to support this
statement.
3The patent helpfully (and incorrectly) tells us
that "A magnetic resonance analyzer (MRA)
measures a response similar to conventional galvanic skin
response; however an MRA is much more sensitive.
The MRA detects a wave pattern emitted by
the body which is calculated as a galvanic skin response at
very high frequencies." The figure they mention is 100
gigahertz. Only a chemist will appreciate the humor of all
this!
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The template realigns the
molecular structure of the microclustered water so that the
resulting water provides beneficial resonant frequencies.1
The resultant resonancy frequencies are predictable depending
upon the template material used. Template treated water samples
can be tested by conventional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
analysis. I have found that 17O
NMR provides a good indication of the microclustering of the
water. Using 17O NMR, resonance frequencies of the
template treated end products range from 25 to 140 hertz (Hz)
and more. However, generally these products have resonance
frequencies in the range 45 to 75 Hz. These frequencies are
significantly different than the resonance frequencies measured
of starting water. The resonance frequency of tap water is
generally measured at 140 Hz, while the resonance frequency of
distilled water is 130 Hz, and the resonance frequency of triple
distilled water is 115 Hz. Even without template treatment, the
microclustered water of the present invention has a resonance
frequency significantly lower than highly purified triple
distilled starting water. Microclustered water stably producing
resonance frequencies as low as 25 Hz can be produced by the
methods described herein.2 |
1 There is no credible scientific evidence for
this; the reference to "beneficial resonant frequencies" is
nonsense.
2 NMR measures small changes in the energies of
odd-proton nuclei having opposite spins when they are placed
in a magnetic field. These energy difference are affected by
nearby atoms, and are thus useful tools for studying the
structure and bonding of substances.
However, the energy difference, measured in Hz, also
depends on the strength of the field, so expressing these
results in absolute rather than in relative terms tells us
very little.
It is worth noting that extensive use has been made of NMR
by scientists trying to elucidate the structure of water—
there are hundreds of papers on this subject in the scientific
literature, but nobody has found anything like what is claimed
here!
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" [The microclustered water...] has a
conductivity of at least 3.7 .mu.s/cm, and has a surface tension
of less than 61 dynes/cm.
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The body of the patent contains a table
giving the values of these quantities for various templates. All
meaningless.
Why these particular physical parameters are
considered significant is a mystery. The only thing they reveal
is that the water is not pure. |

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